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Sunday, September 30, 2012

Abraham Lincoln from United States



 

Abraham Lincoln (born in Hardin County, Kentucky, February 12, 1809 - died in Washington, DC, 15 April 1865 at the age of 56 years) is the President of the United States of the 16th, serving from March 4, 1861 until his assassination occurred. He led the nation out of the American Civil War, to maintain national unity and abolish slavery. However, when the war was nearing its end, he became the first U.S. president who was murdered. Prior to his inauguration in 1860 as the first Republican president, Lincoln worked as a lawyer, member of the Illinois legislature, members of the U.S. House of Representatives, and twice failed in the Senate election.


As an opponent of slavery, Lincoln won the U.S. presidential nomination of the Republican Party in 1860 and was subsequently elected president. His reign was marked by the defeat of the Confederate State of the United States, pro-slavery, the American Civil War. He issued a decree ordering the abolition of slavery through the Emancipation Proclamation of 1863, and added a thirteenth article in the U.S. Constitution in 1865.Lincoln closely watching the war, including the selection of warlords such as Ulysses S. Grant. Historians conclude that Lincoln organized factions within the Republican Party well, bringing leaders of each faction into his cabinet and forcing them to work together. Lincoln managed to ease tensions with the UK following the scandal of Trent in 1861. Under his leadership the North occupied the South from the beginning of the war. Lincoln then was re-elected U.S. president in 1864.The opponents of the war criticized Lincoln for his refusing to compromise on slavery. Instead, the conservatives of the Radical Republican faction, the faction of pro abolition of slavery Republican Party, criticized Lincoln for his slow the abolition of slavery. Although hampered by various obstacles, Lincoln managed to unify public opinion through rhetoric and speeches; speech Gettysburg Address at best. Near the end of the war, Lincoln moderate to reconstruction, the nation longed for reunification through a policy of reconciliation software. His successor, Andrew Johnson, also longed for reunification whites, but failed to defend the rights of the newly freed slaves. Lincoln is rated as the greatest president in the history of America.

UNTUNG SUROPATI ( Williem Wallace from Indonesia )

We may have watched a movie called Braveheart who Mel Gibson starred (1995). Tells the story of a hero named Williem Wallace from Scotland who opposed British colonial oppression and the Scottish period. 
  
 

Well, in Indonesia also have a hero that is almost similar to the story, the Untung Suropati. well from the beginning until the end of his life story.

Ok, Bro .... have a minute to take a brief biography Heroes Indonesia "Untung Suropati" this one.
Untung Suropati (born in Bali , 1660 - died in Bangil , East Java , December 5 1706 at age 45/46 years) is an Indonesian national hero who fought on the island of Java . He has been designated as a national hero Indonesia by Presidential Decree. 106/TK/1975 dated 3 November 1975.

Fortunately Suropati, real name unknown. According to Land Jawi Chronicle he was from Bali were discovered by Captain Van Beber, an officer VOC stationed in Makassar .
Captain Van Beber then sell it to officers VOC others in Batavia called Moor. Since having a new slave, career and wealth increased rapidly Moor. The little boy thought that luck was named The Lucky.
When Lucky was 20 years old, he was thrown in jail by the Moors for daring to marry his daughter Suzane. Fortunately then collect the prisoners and escaped from prison and becomes a fugitive.

Gajah Mada Prime Minister of the Majapahit Empire



Gajah Mada (translated as Elephant General) (circa 1290 – circa 1364) was, according to Javanese old manuscripts, poems and mythology, a powerful military leader and mahapatih or prime minister of the Majapahit Empire, credited with bringing the empire to its peak of glory. He delivered an oath called Sumpah Palapa, in which he vowed not to eat any food containing spices until he had conquered all of the Southeast Asian archipelago of Nusantara for Majapahit. In modern Indonesia, he serves as an important national hero and a symbol of patriotism.


Rise to Mahapatih
Not much is known about Gajah Mada's early life. Some of the first accounts mention his career as commander of the Bhayangkara, an elite guard for Majapahit kings and their family. When Rakrian Kuti, one of the officials in Majapahit, rebelled against the Majapahit king Jayanegara (ruled 1309–1328) in 1321, Gajah Mada and the then-mahapatih Arya Tadah helped the king and his family to escape the capital city of Trowulan. Later Gajah Mada aided the king to return to the capital and crush the rebellion. Seven years later, Jayanegara was murdered by Rakrian Tanca, the court physcian, one of Rakrian Kuti's aides.
In another version, according to the Nagarakretagama (a Javanese language epic poem dating from the 14th century), and supported by inscriptions dating from the late 13th and early 14th century, Jayanagara was assassinated by Gajah Mada in 1328. It is said that Jayanagara was overprotective towards his two half sisters, born from Kertarajasa's youngest queen, Dyah Dewi Gayatri. Complaints by the two young princesses led to the intervention of Gajah Mada. His drastic solution was to arrange for a surgeon to murder the king while pretending to perform an operation.
Jayanegara was immediately succeeded by his sister Tribhuwana Wijayatunggadewi (ruled 1328–1350). It was under her leadership that Gajah Mada was appointed mahapatih in 1329, after the retirement of Arya Tadah.
As mahapatih under Thribuwana Tunggadewi Gajah Mada went on to crush another rebellion by Sadeng and Keta in 1331.
It was during Gajah Mada's reign as mahapatih, around the year 1345, that the famous Muslim traveller, Ibn Battuta visited Sumatera.

Indonesia Hero's from Bali


I Gusti Ngurah Rai

Lieutenant Colonel I Gusti Ngurah Rai (Desa Carangsari, Kabupaten Badung Bali, 30 January 1917–Marga, Tabanan, 20 November 1946) is an Indonesian National Hero who commanded Indonesian forces in Bali against the Dutch during the Indonesian War of Independence. He was killed in the Battle of Margarana
 
The second child (3 brothers) of the couples I Gusti Ngurah Ayu Trough and Ni Kompiyang Wheezing is because of his services got promoted one level to Colonel posthumously. In addition, the highest award from the Government of Indonesia's National Hero title form. His name is perpetuated to the international airport in Denpasar, Bali, and Navy warships. Judging his name, he was from the caste Knights. His father, a government employee positions Manca (AsistenWedana / Sub). He is a knight of Majapahit, Sentong Aria, Aria Kadari Marga members who came to Bali in 1343 M.